In the realm of fluid mechanics, flow regimes describe the distinct behaviors exhibited by fluids in motion. At one extreme, we encounter steady motion, a scenario where fluid velocity remains constant at each point over time. This regime is often characterized by smooth, predictable trajectories. In contrast, turbulence introduces a state of chaot

Semiconductors play a vital role in modern electronics due to their ability to regulate the flow of electricity under specific conditions. They can be broadly classified into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Intrinsic semiconductors, such as pure silicon or germanium, possess limited conductivity because their valence band is